Tag Archives: Preposition

English, vocabulary

#EngVocab: Phrasal verbs with ‘get’

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Phrasal verb is a combination of verb and preposition or adverb or both. The combination usually gives a different meaning from the original verb. Do you know any phrasal verb with the word  ‘get’?

  1. Get up. Meaning: to get out of bed.
    • Example:
      • “I get up at 06.00 am in the morning.”
  2. Get through. Meaning: to succeed in finishing a task, or to manage to talk to someone on the phone.
    • Example:
      • “All these trials will get you through life.”
  3. Get over. Meaning: to overcome a problem, to recover from an illness.
    • Example:
      • “Don’t be sad, you will get over it.”
  4. Get out/get off. Meaning:  to leave.
    • Example:
      • “It’s dangerous, get out of there!”
  5. Get across. Meaning: to cause to be understood.
    • Example:
      • “The idea will get across on mind after the presentation.”
  6. Get along. Meaning: to have a friendly relationship.
    • Example:
      • “My cousin gets along well with his classmates.”
  7. Get away. Meaning: to leave or escape from a person or place.
    • Example:
      • “I need to get away from everything and everyone.”
  8. Get on with. Meaning: to start doing or continue doing activity.
    • Example:
      • “Let’s get on with the party!”
  9. Get in. Meaning: to go inside, to arrive.
    • Example:
      • “Hurry up, get in the car!”
  10. Get down (to). Meaning: to get serious.
    • Example:
      • “If you get down to something, you have to give full concentration.”
  11. Get by. Meaning: to manage to survive.
    • Example:
      • “I finally got by the problem after struggling for a while.”
  12. Get back. Meaning: to return from a place.
    • Example:
      • “I got back from Paris yesterday.”

 

Compiled and written by @sherlydarmali for @EnglishTips4U on Sunday, April 16, 2017

 

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English, idiom, vocabulary

#IOTW: Prepositional idioms

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Heyho, fellas! How’s your day? My schedule today was so chaotic in account of my poor time management. Thank God it’s over now.

Let’s talk about Prepositional Idioms this time. I used one in my opening paragraph. Did anyone notice which idiom I used? The prepositional idiom I used was “in the account of” which meant “because of.”

There are hundreds of idioms which begin with prepositions in English. I will share just a few of them.

  1. At any rate. Meaning: whatever happens or is happening.
    • Example:
      • “At any rate, you shouldn’t quit your job.”
  2. At a loss. Meaning: speechless; unsure of what to do or say.
    • Example:
      • “Jack was terribly confused–really at a loss.”
  3. Beside the point. Meaning: irrelevant.
    • Example:
      • “Your opinion is interesting, but beside the point.”
  4. In the long run. Meaning: in the end; eventually.
    • Example:
      • “In the long run,moving to the new apartment may be a good thing.”
  5. Out of character. Meaning: unlike one’s usual behavior.
    • Example:
      • “It was out of character for Joshua to act so immature.”
  6. Under fire. Meaning: being shot at; being criticized.
    • Example:
      • “The parliament is under fire for being too noisy.”
  7. Up in the air.  Meaning: (about someone or something) undecided / uncertain about someone or something.
    • Example:
      • “Will the company fire all of its employees? That’s up in the air.”
  8. With a vengeance. Meaning: with great force or energy.
    • Example:
      • “Hilda works out with a vengeance when she goes to the gym.”

 

Compiled and written by @EnglishTips4U for @EnglishTips4U on Wednesday, February 10, 2016

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grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: The Use of ‘For, During and While’

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Howdy, fellas! How’s your Monday going? It’s positively nice, isn’t it? :)

Anyway, I’d like to discuss a bit of grammar now, which is about the use of ‘For, During and While’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

We use FOR + a period of time to say HOW LONG something goes on: FOR two hours, FOR a week, FOR ages. #GrammarTrivia

“We watched television FOR two hours last night.” | “Victoria is going away FOR a week in September.” #GrammarTrivia

We use DURING + noun to say when something happens (NOT how long): DURING the film, DURING our holiday. #GrammarTrivia

“I fell asleep DURING the film.” | “We met a lot of people DURING our holiday.” #GrammarTrivia

With a ‘time word’ (for example, ‘the morning’ / ’the afternoon’ / ‘the summer’), we can usually say IN or DURING. #GrammarTrivia

For example, “I will phone you sometime DURING the afternoon.” (or…IN the afternoon.) #GrammarTrivia

We CANNOT say DURING to say ‘how long’ something goes on. Study the following example. #GrammarTrivia

“It rained FOR three days without stopping.” (NOT ‘during three days’) #GrammarTrivia

Compare DURING and FOR: “I fell asleep DURING the film. I was asleep FOR half an hour.” #GrammarTrivia

As I’ve said previously, we use DURING + noun. For example, “I fell asleep DURING the film.” #GrammarTrivia

However, we use WHILE + subject + verb. For example, “I fell asleep WHILE I was watching the film. #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that is how we use ‘For, During and While’ in a sentence. I hope this short discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u, fellas! See you! :)

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on December 8, 2014.

grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: Noun + Preposition (IN or TO)

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Howdy, fellas! How’s your Monday going? I hope it’s going great! :)

Anyway, I’d like to talk about a bit of grammar now, which is ‘Noun + Preposition (IN or TO)’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

1. Noun + IN: increase in, fall in. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Increase IN: “There has been an increase IN the number of road accidents recently.” #GrammarTrivia

Fall IN: “Last year was a bad year for the company. There was a big fall IN sales.” #GrammarTrivia

2. Noun + TO: damage to, invitation to, solution to, reaction to, attitude to. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Damage TO: “The accident was my fault, so I had to pay for the damage TO the other car.” #GrammarTrivia

Invitation TO: “Did you get an invitation TO the party?” #GrammarTrivia

Solution TO: “Do you think we’ll find a solution TO the problem?” (NOT ‘a solution of the problem’). #GrammarTrivia

Reaction TO: “I was surprised at her reaction TO my suggestion.” #GrammarTrivia

Attitude TO (or TOWARDS): “His attitude TO (or TOWARDS) his job is very positive.” #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that is how we use prepositions IN or TO after a noun. I hope this short discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u, fellas! See you! :)

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on November 24, 2014.

grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: Noun + Preposition (FOR or OF)

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Howdy, fellas! How’s your Monday going? I hope it’s going great! :)

Anyway, I’d like to talk about a bit of grammar now, which is ‘Noun + Preposition (FOR or OF)’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

1. Noun + FOR: a cheque for, a demand for, a reason for. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

A cheque FOR: “They sent me a cheque FOR $750.” #GrammarTrivia

A demand FOR: “The firm closed down because there wasn’t enough demand FOR its product.” #GrammarTrivia

A reason FOR: “The train was late but nobody knew the reason FOR (not ‘reason of’) the delay.” #GrammarTrivia

2. Noun + OF: an advantage of, a cause of, a photograph of. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

An advantage OF: “The advantage OF living alone is that you can do what you like.” #GrammarTrivia

A cause OF: “Nobody knows what the cause OF the explosion was.” #GrammarTrivia

A photograph OF: “She showed me some photographs OF her family.” #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that is how we use prepositions FOR and OF after a noun. I hope this short discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u, fellas! See you! :)

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on November 17, 2014.

grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: Adjective + Preposition (OF / TO)

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Howdy, fellas! How’s your Monday going? I hope it’s going great! :)

Anyway, I’d like to talk about grammar, which is ‘Adjective + Preposition (OF / TO)’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

1. Adjective + OF: afraid of, jealous of, suspicious of, aware of, capable of, full of, tired of, and typical of. #GrammarTrivia

Afraid OF: “Are you afraid OF dogs?” | Jealous OF: “Why are you always so jealous OF others?” #GrammarTrivia

Suspicious OF: “He didn’t trust me. He was suspicious OF my intentions.” #GrammarTrivia

Aware OF: “Did you know he was married? I wasn’t aware OF that.” #GrammarTrivia

Capable OF: “I’m sure you’re capable OF passing the examination.” #GrammarTrivia

Full OF: “The letter I wrote was full OF mistakes. (NOT ‘full with’). #GrammarTrivia

Tired OF: “Come on, let’s go! I’m tired OF waiting.” (= I’ve had enough of waiting) #GrammarTrivia

Typical OF: “He’s late again. It’s typical OF him to keep everybody waiting.” #GrammarTrivia

2. Adjective + TO: married to and similar to. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Married TO: “Linda is married TO an American.” | Similar TO: “Your writing is similar TO mine.” #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that’s how we use ‘Adjective + Preposition (OF / TO)’. I hope this short discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u, fellas! See you! :)

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on November 10, 2014.

grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: Adjective + Preposition (AT / BY / WITH)

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Howdy, fellas! How’s your Monday going? Is it going nice? I hope so. :)

Anyway, I’d like to talk about grammar, which is ‘Adjective + Preposition (AT / BY / WITH)’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

1) Adjective + AT / BY something. Study the following example. #GrammarTrivia

Surprised / shocked / amazed / astonished AT / BY something. #GrammarTrivia

Surprised AT / BY: “Everybody was surprised AT (or BY) the news.” #GrammarTrivia

Shocked AT / BY: “I hope you weren’t shocked BY (or AT) what I said.” #GrammarTrivia

2) Adjective + WITH / BY somebody or something. You can learn from the following example. #GrammarTrivia

Impressed WITH / BY: “I’m very impressed WITH (or BY) her English. It’s very good.” #GrammarTrivia

3) Adjective + WITH. Study the following example. #GrammarTrivia

Fed up/bored WITH something: “I don’t enjoy my job anymore. I’m fed up WITH it.” #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that’s how we use ‘Adjective + Preposition (AT / BY / WITH)’. I hope this short discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u, fellas! See you! :)

 

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on October 27, 2014.

grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: Adjective + Preposition (ABOUT or WITH)

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Howdy, fellas! How’s life? It’s brilliant, isn’t it? :)

Anyway, I’d like to talk about grammar, which is ‘Adjective + Preposition (ABOUT or WITH)’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

1) Adjective + ABOUT >> Excited ABOUT, worried ABOUT, upset ABOUT, nervous ABOUT. See the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Excited ABOUT: “Are you excited ABOUT going on holiday next week?”. #GrammarTrivia

Worried ABOUT: “Andy was worried ABOUT the results of his exam.” #GrammarTrivia

Upset ABOUT: “Carol is upset ABOUT not being invited to the party.” #GrammarTrivia

Nervous ABOUT: “Are they nervous ABOUT performing in front of the audience?” #GrammarTrivia

2) Adjective + WITH >> Delighted WITH, pleased WITH, disappointed WITH. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Delighted WITH: “I was delighted WITH the present you gave me.” #GrammarTrivia

Pleased WITH: “I’m so pleased WITH the fact that I can get the scholarship.” #GrammarTrivia

Disappointed WITH: “Were you disappointed WITH your exam results?” #GrammarTrivia

However, there are some adjectives that can be followed by both ‘ABOUT’ and ‘WITH’. #GrammarTrivia

We are angry/annoyed ABOUT something. Meanwhile, we are angry/annoyed WITH somebody FOR doing something. #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that’s how we use ‘Adjective + Preposition (ABOUT or WITH)’. I hope this discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com  and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u, fellas! See you! :)

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on October 20, 2014.

class, English, grammar

#GrammarTrivia: Verb + Preposition (‘About’ and ‘Of’)

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This time, I’d like to talk about grammar. In particular, we’ll talk about: Verb + Preposition (‘About’ and ‘Of’).

Some verbs can be followed by either ‘about’ or ‘of.’ Each pairing usually gives different meaning from the other.

  1. ‘Dream about’ vs. ‘dream of’
    • Dream about. Example:
      • “I dreamt about you last night.” (when I was asleep).
    • Dream of being something. Meaning: imagine. Example:
      • “I dream of being rich.”
  2. ‘Hear about’ vs. ‘Hear of’
    • Hear about. Meaning: be told about something. Example:
      • “Did you hear about the fight club last night?”
    • Hear of. Meaning: know that somebody/something exists. Example:
      • “I have never heard of Tom Madley. Who is he?”
  3. ‘Remind about’ vs. ‘Remind of’
    • Remind somebody about. Meaning: tell somebody not to forget. Example:
      • “I’m glad you remind me about the meeting.”
    • Remind somebody of. Meaning: cause somebody to remember. Example:
      • “This house reminds me of my childhood.”
  4. ‘Complain about’ vs. ‘Complain of’
    • Complain (to somebody) about. Meaning: say that you are not satisfied. Example:
      • “We complained to the manager about the service.
    • Complain of a pain, illness, etc. Meaning: say that you have a pain. Example:
      • “George was complaining of a pain in his stomach.”
  5. ‘Warn about’ vs. ‘Warn of’
    • Warn somebody of/about a danger. Example:
      • “Everybody has been warned of/about the dangers of smoking.”
    • Warn somebody about something dangerous, unusual, etc. Example:
      • “Vicky warned us about the traffic.”

Source:

  • English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

 

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on Monday, October 13, 2014

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class, English, grammar

#GrammarTrivia: Verb + Preposition (For or From)

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In this post, I’d like to talk about grammar. In particular, I’ll talk about ‘Verb + Preposition (For or From)’. Here we go!

Verb + For

Pairing examples:

  • Apply for,
  • Ask for,
  • Care for,
  • Prepare for.

Study the following examples:

  • “I applied for the job but unfortunately I didn’t get it.”
  • “How do you ask for a cup of hot coffee here?”
  • “Jane spent many years caring for her aged parents.”
  • “I can’t go out tonight because I have to prepare for my exam.”

Verb + From

Pairing examples:

  • Protect from,
  • Recover from,
  • Suffer from.

Study the following examples:

  • “This lotion should protect you from mosquitoes.”
  • “Have you recovered from your illness yet?”
  • “I suffer from fever.”

Source:

  • English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press)
  • British Council.

 

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on Monday, October 6, 2014

 

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grammar

#GrammarTrivia: Verb + Preposition (‘With,’ ‘to,’ and ‘on’)

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This time, I’d like to talk about grammar. In particular, I’ll be talking about ‘Verb + Preposition’ with ‘with,’ ‘to,’ and ‘on.’

Verb + ‘with’

i.e.:

  • Provide with,
  • collide with,
  • fill (something) with.

Study the following example sentences:

  • “The school provides all its students with books.”
  • “There was an accident this morning. A bus collided with a car.”
  • “Take this saucepan and fill it with water.”

Verb + ‘to’

i.e.:

  • Happen to,
  • prefer one thing/person to another.

Study the following example sentences:

  • “What happened to the gold watch you used to have?”
  • “I prefer tea to coffee.”

Verb + ‘on’

i.e.:

  • Concentrate on,
  • insist on.

Study the following example sentences:

  • “Don’t look out of the window. Concentrate on your work.”
  • “I wanted to go alone but they insisted on coming with me.”

Source:

  • English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on Monday, September 29, 2014

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grammar

#GRAMMARTRIVIA: Verb + Preposition (IN or INTO)

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Howdy, fellas! How’s everything going? I hope it’s going really nice! :D

Anyway, I’d like to talk about grammar, which is ‘Verb + Preposition (IN or INTO)’. Here we go! #GrammarTrivia

 
1) Verb + IN >> Believe IN, specialize IN, succeed IN. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Believe IN: “Do you BELIEVE IN God?” (=do you believe that God exists?) #GrammarTrivia

Believe IN: “I BELIEVE IN saying what I think. (= I believe it is right to say what I think) #GrammarTrivia

Specialize IN: “Helen is a lawyer. She SPECIALIZES IN company law.” #GrammarTrivia

Succeed IN: “I hope you SUCCEED IN finding the job you want.” #GrammarTrivia

 
2) Verb + INTO >> Break INTO, crash/drive/bump/run INTO, divide/cut/split INTO. Study the following examples. #GrammarTrivia

Break INTO: “Our house was BROKEN INTO a few days ago but nothing was stolen.” #GrammarTrivia

Crash/drive/bump/run INTO: “He lost control of the car and CRASHED INTO a wall.” #GrammarTrivia

Divide/cut/split something INTO: “The book is DIVIDED INTO three parts.” #GrammarTrivia

Divide/cut/split something INTO: “CUT the meat INTO small pieces before frying it.” #GrammarTrivia

Therefore, that’s how we use ‘Verb + Preposition (IN or INTO)’. I hope this discussion helps you. #GrammarTrivia

All in all, remember to visit http://englishtips4u.com  and http://facebook.com/englishtips4u,  fellas! See you! :)

Source: English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press).

Compiled by @aditriasmara at @EnglishTips4U on September 8, 2014.

grammar, trivia

#GrammarTrivia: the word ‘to’

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I bet you know what ‘to’ means.. Or do you? If you check the dictionary, you would notice the two letter word have tons of meaning. We’re not going to talk about all of them. But we’ll have a look at 4 of its functions.

1. as preposition of movement

‘To’ indicates the place you reach as a result of moving. The phrase that contains ‘to’ is called ‘to-phrase‘. ‘to-phrase’ follows:

  1. a verb.
    • Example:
      • walk to school. Walk =verb
  2. a noun.
    • Example:
      • the bus to Malang. The bus = noun

In the examples above, the ‘to-phrases’ are: ‘to school‘ and ‘to Malang‘. Here’s the structure:

  1. “walk to school” = verb + to-phrase
  2. “the bus to Malang” = noun + to-phrase

Example sentence using:

  1. ‘verb + to-phrase’ structure: “I walk to school every day.”
  2. ‘noun + to-phrase’ structure: “She’s been waiting for the bus to Malang for half an hour.”

‘from’ and ‘to’

‘to’ can also be used with ‘from’.

Structure:

from + noun phrase + to + noun phrase.

Example:

  • “from Jogja to Semarang”.

In a sentence:

  • “They usually travel from Jogja to Semarang by train.”

A. ‘from .. to’ to indicate distance

The ‘from .. to’ structure can also be used to indicate distance.

Example:

  • “How far is it from Bandar Lampung to Palembang?”

B. ‘from .. to’ to express change of state

Besides distance, ‘from .. to’ can also be used to express change of state.

Example:

  • “The light changes from red to green.”

2. to show time

‘To’ indicates the end-point of a time period. There are 2 ways of using it:

  • with ‘from’

‘from .. to’ to indicate the end-point of a time period.

Example:

“We will be having our final test from Monday to Friday.”

  • without ‘from’

Without ‘from’, ‘to’ cannot be used alone. We use ‘until’ or ‘up to’ instead.

Example:

“We will have our test until Friday.”

However, American English prefers the use of ‘through’ to ‘to’.

Example:

“We will have our test from Monday through Friday.”

3. to indicate receiver

‘To’ to indicate ‘receiver’ is usually followed by a person.

Example:

  • “I’m giving this present to you.” The receiver = you.

The receiver in “I’m giving this present to you.” is what we call as ‘indirect object’. The direct object: this present.

‘to + receiver’ is usually used this way (as indirect object). Other verbs used this way are: offer, hand, lend, owe.

Structure:

Subject

Verb

Direct object

to

Indirect object

I

am giving

this present

to

you

A. ‘to’ as the receiver of a message

‘to’ also points to the ‘receiver’ of a message.

Example:

  • “I just sent an email to a friend.”
  • “Do you have something to say to me?”

4. the use in idioms

‘To’ is also used to form many ‘prepositional verbs’ and ‘phrasal-prepositional verbs’.

Examples of prepositional verbs:

  • belong to,
  • listen to,
  • believe in,
  • talk about,
  • wait for.
  • Read: Phrasal Verbs 1.

Examples of phrasal-prepositional verbs:

 

‘to’ also follows some adjectives. Examples:

  • close to,
  • due to,
  • similar to,
  • used to (used with ‘be’ = ‘I’m used to..’).

Prepositional verbs, phrasal-prepositional verbs, and ‘adjective + to’ structure form ‘idioms’. Ring a bell?

Well, that’s it. A little #GrammarTrivia on the use and function of ‘to’. I hope it is useful for you.

 

Compiled and written by @NenoNeno at @EnglishTips4U on Monday, April 29, 2013

 

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class, English, grammar

#EngClass: Preposition of movement

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Preposition of time dan place sudah pernah kita bahas pada sesi sebelumnya. Hari ini kita lanjutkan dengan preposition of movement.

Jika preposition of place menjelaskan posisi/tempat suatu benda, maka preposition of movement menjelaskan pergerakan benda/orang.

  1. To. Arti: ke tempat tujuan.
    • Contoh:
      • “I drive to work every day.” (Saya menyetir mobil ke kantor setiap hari).
  2. Toward. Arti: menuju ke.
    • Contoh:
      • “I saw him walking toward that house.” (Aku melihat dia berjalan menuju ke rumah itu).
  3. Across. Arti: menyebrang dari satu tempat ke tempat di seberangnya.
    • Contoh:
      • “The dog’s running across the bridge.” (Anjing itu berlari menyebrangi jembatan).
  4. Around. Arti: mengitari.
    • Contoh:
      • “I had to drive around the whole block because of the parade.” (Saya terpaksa menyetir mengitari satu blok karena ada parade).
  5. Away. Arti: menjauhi.
    • Contoh:
      • “Don’t come! Get away from me!” (Jangan datang! Menjauh dariku!).
  6. Down. Arti: turun ke bawah.
    • Contoh:
      • “She walks down that stairs at 7 every morning.” (Dia menuruni tangga itu jam 7 setiap pagi)
  7. Off. Arti: jatuh ke bawah.
    • Contoh:
      • “Someone pushed him off the stage.” (Seseorang mendorongnya jatuh dari panggung).
  8. Into. Arti: ke dalam.
    • Contoh:
      • “Put this into that box!” (Masukkan ini ke dalam kotak itu!).
  9. Onto. Arti: ke atas.
    • Contoh:
      • “She’s trying to climb onto the chair.” (Dia sedang mencoba memanjat ke atas kursi).
  10. Out of. Arti: keluar dari.
    • Contoh:
      • “They carried him out of the bar.” (Mereka membopongnya keluar dari bar).
  11. Up. Arti: naik ke atas.
    • Contoh:
      • “I’m tired. Let me go up to my room.” (Aku capek. Biarkan aku pergi ke atas ke kamarku).
  12. Over. Arti: melewati atas dari satu sisi ke sisi lain.
    • Contoh:
      • “The buglars jumped over the barbed fence.” (Perampok-perampok itu melompat melewati pagar kawat).
  13. Past. Arti: melewati sisi.
    • Contoh:
      • “He walked past me like a stranger.” (Dia jalan melewati aku seperti orang asing).
  14. Through. Arti: melewati ruang/menembus keluar;  berjalan dari pintu masuk sampai melewati pintu keluar.
    • Contoh:
      • “Let’s walk through that tunnel together.” (Ayo jalan melewati terowongan itu bersama-sama).
  15. Under. Arti: melewati bawah.
    • Contoh:
      • “A cockroach just passed under your chair.” (Seekor kecoa baru saja lewat di bawah bangkumu).

 

Compiled and written by @Miss_Qiak at @EnglishTips4U on Sunday, December 25, 2011

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class, English, writing

#EngClass: Preposition of place

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Bagi kalian yang tidak sempat mengikuti topik ‘preposition‘ dan topik kemarin, ‘preposition of time‘, silakan kunjungi tautan yang disediakan pada kata kunci.

Seperti yang sudah diketahui sebelumnya, ada 3 jenis preposition:

  1. preposition of time
  2. preposition of place
  3. preposition of direction

Preposition of place adalah kata depan yang menjelaskan hubungan tempat/posisi, diikuti oleh objek yang dapat menjelaskan sesuatu/seseorang.

Preposition of place terdiri dari:

  1. At,  digunakan untuk menunjukkan posisi, letak, alamat yang jelas (spesifik).
    • Contoh:
      • at the crossroad, at the bus stop, at 22 Orchard Road.
  2. On, digunakan ketika menyebutkan nama-nama jalan atau untuk menyebutkan sesuatu yang berada di atas sebuah benda.
    • Contoh:
      • on a bus, on the 2nd floor, on Melati street.
  3. In, digunakan untuk menunjuk benda di dalam suatu tempat/ruang atau bisa juga digunakan ketika menyebutkan nama-nama kota/negara.
    • Contoh:
      • in a box, in a room, in my pocket, in London.
  4. In front of,  menunjukkan sesuatu yang berada di depan sebuah benda.
    • Contoh:
      • “She stands in front of the class.”
  5. Behind,  – menunjukkan posisi benda yang berada di belakang benda lainnya.
    • Contoh:
      • “The car is behind the bus.”
  6. Next to/beside/by, menunjukkan posisi yang terletak di samping/di sebelah sebuah benda.
    • Contoh:
      • “In English lesson Toni always sit next to/beside/by me.”
  7. Between, digunakan jika berada di antara dua/lebih objek individual/terpisah.
    • Contoh:
      • “The student sat between the teacher and his parent.”
      • “Indonesia is situated between Malaysia to the north, Papua New Guinea to the east, Indian Ocean to the west, and Australia to the south.”
  8. Among,  digunakan jika berada di tengah-tengah/di antara banyak objek (objek di sini bersifat massal, tidak terpisah-pisah).
    • Contoh:
      • “He eventually found his handkerchief among the clothes.”
  9. Over/above, digunakan untuk menunjuk posisi benda yang berada di atas benda lain. ‘Over’ digunakan jika objek masih dapat bersentuhan secara fisik, sedangkan ‘above’ jika objek tidak bersentuhan secara fisik.
    • Contoh:
      • “I put an apple over the table.
      • “The children enjoy watching the planes fly above them.”
  10. Under/below, menunjukkan posisi yang berada di bawah sebuah benda. ‘Under’ digunakan jika objek masih dapat bersentuhan secara fisik, sementara ‘below’ jika objek tidak bersentuhan secara fisik.
    • Contoh:
      • “There is a box under an apple.”
      •  “We are sitting below the fan.”

 

Compiled and written by @ChatrineYK at @EnglishTips4U on Thursday, December 01, 2011

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class, English, grammar

#EngClass: Preposition of time

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Seperti yang pernah dibahas sebelumnya pada #EngClass: Preposition, preposition adalah kata depan yang menghubungkan kata benda, kata ganti atau frase.

Preposition menunjukkan posisi dan terletak sebelum (“pre”) kata keterangan posisi tersebut.

Pada umumnya, ada 3 kelompok proposition, yaitu:

Kali ini kita membahas tentang preposition of time.

Preposition of time terdiri dari:

  1.  At, digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu yang spesifik, misalnya jam.
    • Contoh:
      • at 6pm, at midnight, at night, at lunchtime, etc.
  2. On, digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu yang lebih umum, misalnya tanggal atau hari.
    • Contoh:
      • on Sunday, on Sundays, on Christmas Day, on my birthday, on 30th of November, etc.
  3. In, digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu (dalam rentang waktu) yang lebih luas seperti bulan, tahun, abad, periode.
    • Contoh:
      • in May, in summer, in 2011, in the past, in the middle of a discussion, etc.
  4. By, digunakan untuk menunjukkan batas waktu terakhir, misalnya deadline.
    • Contoh:
      • by midnight (paling lambat pada saat tengah malam),
      • by Monday (paling lambat pada hari Senin),
      • by the end of the month (paling lambat pada akhir bulan), etc.
  5. Until/till, digunakan untuk menunjukkan titik waktu terakhir secara spesifik.
    • Contoh:
      • Until/till midnight, until/till next month, until 12 am, etc.
  6. Up to, digunakan sama seperti until/till, untuk menunjukkan waktu terakhir secara spesifik.
    • Contoh:
      • up to May, up to the end of the show, etc.
  7. Since, digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu spesifik saat mulainya sebuah kegiatan/proses.
    • Contoh:
      • Since 2010, since a couple of days ago, etc.
  8. During, digunakan untuk menunjukkan jalannya waktu selama kegiatan/proses berlangsung.
    • Contoh:
      • During class, etc.
  9. For, digunakan untuk menunjukkan lama waktu berjalannya kegiatan/proses.
    • Contoh:
      • for two days, for several years, etc.
  10. Throughout, digunakan untuk menunjukkan proses yang terus berlangsung dari awal mulai sampai akhirnya selesai.
    • Contoh:
      • throughout the year.

 

Practice

Let’s do some exercise. Pilih preposition yang sesuai dengan kalimat-kalimat berikut.

1. What are you doing (at/in/on) the weekend?
at
in
on
correct!
2. Maybe I’ll go to the cinema (at/in/on) Saturday.
at
in
on
correct!
3. I haven’t been to the cinema (for/since) so many years.
since
for
correct!
4. We could go there together (at/in/on) the afternoon.
at
on
in
correct!
5. I would prefer to go there (at/in/on) the evening. I am visiting my mum(at/in/on) Saturday.
at, in
on, at
in, on
correct!
6. The film starts (at/in/on) eight o’clock.
on
in
at
correct!
7. I can pick you up (at/in/on) half past seven.
in
on
at
correct!
8. It lasts (for/to/until) two hours and forty-five minutes.
to
until
for
correct!
9. The class is from eight (for/past/till) a quarter to eleven.
for
past
till
correct!
10. I have to be home (by/since/until) eleven o’clock.
since
until
by
correct!

 

Compiled and written by @Miss_Qiak at @EnglishTips4U on Wednesday, November 30, 2011.

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class, English, grammar

#EngClass: Prepositions

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Preposition salah satu jenis kata (parts of speech) dalam Bahasa Inggris yang berfungsi untuk menghubungkan noun (kata benda), pronoun (kata ganti) dan phrase (frase = gabungan 2 kata atau lebih) dalam suatu kalimat. Dalam Bahasa Indonesia preposition sama dengan “kata depan.“

Sebuah preposition biasanya menjelaskan hubungan waktu, lokasi, arah, posisi, atau logis dari suatu objek terhadap seluruh komponen lain dalam kalimat. Yang dimaksud dengan objek adalah kata yang mengikuti preposition.

Kata ‘preposition’ sendiri adalah countable noun (kata benda yang dapat dihitung). Maka jika jumlahnya 1 (tunggal) akan ditulis ‘preposition’; sementara jika jumlahnya 2 atau lebih (jamak) akan ditulis ‘prepositions’ (+s).

Contoh preposition dalam phrase:

  • On the table (di atas meja).

‘The table’ merupakan objek dari preposition ‘on’.

Preposition selalu sebelum objek. Di dalam contoh di atas, kata ‘On’ ditulis sebelum ‘the table.‘

Secara umum, ada 3 jenis preposition, yaitu prepositions of time (waktu), preposition of place (tempat), dan preposition of direction (arah).

1. Preposition of time digunakan untuk menjelaskan hubungan waktu dan diikuti oleh objek berupa keterangan waktu, seperti 2 o’clock, 22nd January, noon, Sunday, yesterday, etc.

  • Contoh:
    • at, before, after.
  • Contoh kalimat:
    • “My English class begins at 10 o’clock.” (Kelas Bahasa Inggris saya dimulai pada pukul 10.)

‘at’ = preposition; ’10 o’clock’ = objek.

Perpaduan antara preposition dan objek juga disebut sebagai prepositional phrase (frase yang terdiri dari preposition + objeknya). Jadi, ‘at 10 o’clock’ adalah prepositional phrase.

2. Preposition of place digunakan menjelaskan hubungan tempat atau posisi, dan diikuti oleh objek yang dapat menjelaskan posisi sesuatu atau seseorang; seperti the table, the bag, etc.

  • Contoh:
    • on, behind, in front of.
  • Contoh kalimat:
    • “The book is in the bag.” (Buku itu ada di dalam tas.)

3. Prepostion of direction digunakan untuk menjelaskan hubungan arah dan diikuti oleh objek yang menerangkan arah; seperti the street, the hill, first floor, etc.

  • Contoh:
    • down, up, into.
  • Contoh kalimat:
    • “The cat fell into the box.” (Kucing itu terjatuh ke dalam kotak.)

Mengapa belajar preposition itu penting?

Karena kesalahan yang disebabkan oleh perbedaan bahasa sering ditemui dalam penggunaan preposition yang benar. Misalnya, preposition ‘at’, ‘on’, ‘in’ jika diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia semua memiliki 1 arti, yaitu ‘di’, sedangkan dalam Bahasa Inggris penggunaannya sangatlah berbeda dan bersifat khusus.

Perhatikan perbedaan preposition dalam contoh.

  1. “I will meet you at 2 o’clock.”
    • Kalimat salah: “I will meet you in 2 o’clock.”
  2. “I was born on 1st January 1990.”
    • Kalimat salah: “I was born in 1st January 1990.”
  3. “It usually rains in December.”
    • Kalimat salah: “It usually rains on December.”

Contoh-contoh di atas adalah kesalahan yang sering terjadi karena pengaruh bahasa ibu (Indonesia). Bagaimana untuk menghindarinya?

Rajin membaca, membuat catatan, berlatih dan mengingat (kalau tidak, ‘menghapal’). Pelajarilah prepositional phrase, dengan begitu kita akan lebih terbiasa dengan penggunaan preposition dan objeknya. Misalnya, jika dalam benak kita, kita tahu prepositional phrase yang benar adalah ‘on 1st January 1990,‘ maka kita akan otomatis berpikir bahwa prepositional phrase seperti ‘in 1st January 1990‘ adalah salah.

 

Compiled and written by at on Sunday, January 23, 2011 (originally posted on http://rumahbelajarbali.wordpress.com/).

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